外蒙古是我国丢失的最后一块国土，虽然网上也有一些传言收复外蒙古，但这个论点并不是主流。我们对蒙古已经没有太多的执念，在美版知乎Quora上，蒙古网友提问道：在什么条件下，蒙古可以与中国重新统一？我们看看各国网友的回答。




蒙古网友的回答
No, Mongolia is an independent country and a member of the United Nations, and almost no one in Mongolia wants to join China.

不，蒙古是一个独立的国家和联合国成员国，蒙古几乎没有人想加入中国。

As far as China is concerned, no one claims that Mongolia is Chinese territory - the China has established diplomatic relations with Mongolia since its establishment, nor has Taiwan Province.

就中国而言，也没有人声称蒙古国是中国领土——中华人民共和国一成立就与蒙古建立了外交关系，台湾省也没有。

The United Nations Charter explicitly prohibits aggression by one member state against another member; Obviously, the recognition of the sovereignty of the China to an entire member state like Mongolia conforms to this definition.

《联合国宪章》明确禁止一个成员国对另一个成员的侵略；显然，中华人民共和国对蒙古这样的整个成员国的主权承认符合这一定义。

In the Map of the Republic of China published in 1947, Mongolia was labeled as an independent country - the red label said: "China has recognized the independence of Outer Mongolia, although its exact border has not yet been determined."

1947年出版的《中华民国地图》，蒙古被贴上了独立国家的标签——红色标签上写着：“中国已经承认外蒙古的独立，尽管其确切边界尚未确定。”

In addition, there is geopolitical value in allowing Mongolia to do so. An independent Mongolia sandwiched between Russia and China serves as a buffer between the two countries. Now, the possibility of the Russian Federation attempting to annex Mongolia or China in this era is almost zero, but in order to prevent Russia from attempting a full-scale invasion of China, it must first pass through an independent Mongolia, which will be a more troublesome diplomatic issue for Russia because they are actually fighting against two countries, rather than one.

此外，让蒙古这样做还有地缘政治价值。一个夹在俄罗斯和中国之间的独立蒙古是两国之间的缓冲。现在，俄罗斯联邦在这个时代试图吞并蒙古或中国的可能性几乎为零，但为了防止俄罗斯试图对中国发动全面入侵，它必须首先通过一个独立的蒙古，这对俄罗斯来说将是一个更令人头疼的外交问题，因为他们实际上是在与两个国家作战，而不是与一个国家作战。


蒙古最大的贸易伙伴，中国
Incorporating Mongolia into China may make it more dependent on China, but Mongolia is already on China's track. More than 80% of Mongolia's exports go to China; Of all the other economies I can think of, only North Korea is so dependent on China.

将蒙古并入中国可能会使其更加依赖中国，但蒙古已经在中国的发展轨道上了。蒙古80%以上的出口到中国；在我能想到的所有其他经济体中，只有朝鲜如此依赖中国。

Mongolia also stands at the crossroads of the Chinese Silk Road:

蒙古也站在中国丝绸之路的十字路口：

Some Chinese nationalism want Mongolia because they think that Mongolia and Mongols are part of History of China, which is true to some extent. But even so, there are more Mongolians living in China than in Mongolia itself.

一些中国民族主义者想要蒙古，因为他们认为蒙古和蒙古人是中国历史的一部分，在某种程度上确实如此，生活在中国的蒙古人也比蒙古国本身多得多，蒙古的黄金家族及其后人都在内蒙古。

In some ways, Mongolia in China is more authentic than Mongolia. In China, Mongolian language is still written in an ancient vertical font:

在某些方面，中国的蒙古比蒙古更正宗。在中国，蒙古语仍然是用古老的竖体书写的：

In Mongolia, due to the influence of Russia, Mongolian language is written in Cyrillic script, and sometimes in Latin script:

而在蒙古，由于俄罗斯的影响，蒙古语是用西里尔字母书写的，有时也用拉丁字母书写：

In short, from the perspective of China, reclaiming Mongolia is meaningless, let alone illegal under international law. Nowadays, asking whether China should annex Mongolia is like asking whether the United States should annex Canada. Just like the United States prefers (or should prefer, haha) Canada's good neighbors, China prefers Mongolia's good neighbors to becoming a province.

总之，从中国的角度来看，收回蒙古毫无意义，更不用说根据国际法是非法的了。如今，问中国是否应该兼并蒙古，就像问美国是否应该吞并加拿大一样。就像美国更喜欢（或者应该更喜欢，哈哈）加拿大的好邻居一样，中国更喜欢蒙古的好邻居，而不是变成一个省。


中国网友李扬灵的回答
No. In fact, in order to prevent Outer Mongolia from becoming a part of China, the Russians and the founders of modern Mongolia have done a lot. First, we need to understand why Outer Mongolia can become an independent country.

不。事实上，为了防止外蒙古成为中国的一部分，俄罗斯人和现代蒙古国的缔造者们做了很多事情。首先，我们需要了解外蒙古为什么能够成为一个独立的国家。

Geographically, the boundary between Outer Mongolia and Inner Mongolia is the Gobi Desert. Outer Mongolia is in the north of the Gobi Desert, while Inner Mongolia is in the south. In ancient times, the territory of Outer Mongolia was called Mobei (northern desert), which was very desolate and cold. The Nomad would choose to take refuge in the north only if they lost a major war and had to give up traditional pastures.

从地理上看，外蒙古和内蒙古的分界线是戈壁滩。外蒙古在戈壁滩的北部，而内蒙古在南部。在古代，外蒙古的领土被称为漠北（沙漠北部），那里非常荒凉和寒冷。游牧民族只有在输掉重大战争并不得不放弃传统牧场的情况下才会选择北上避难。

In the Qing Dynasty, the names of Inner Mongolia and Outer Mongolia began to appear.

在中国清朝，内蒙古和外蒙古的名字开始出现。

The land and population of Inner Mongolia are directly managed by the emperor, and the tribes are directly incorporated into the Eight Banners by the Manchu emperor. Inner Mongolia is also divided into two parts. The Mongols in the east are considered trustworthy because they helped the Manchu emperors conquer China. Therefore, they are classified as Inner Mongolia. The Mongolian people in the West are exactly the opposite. Their lord tried to unite the Russians against the Emperor of China, but failed. Their nobles were considered unreliable, so the emperor directly managed these tribes.

内蒙古的土地和人口由皇帝直接管理，部落由满族皇帝直接纳入八旗。内蒙古也分为两部分。东部的蒙古人被认为是值得信赖的，因为他们协助满族皇帝问鼎了中国。因此，他们被归为内蒙古。西方的蒙古人恰恰相反。他们的领主试图联合俄罗斯人反抗中国皇帝，但失败了。他们的贵族被认为是不可信的，所以皇帝直接管理这些部落。

Outer Mongolia is different. Mongolian tribes are ruled by some Mongolian nobility. The Qing government had specialized agencies to handle these issues. Their status is similar to that of North Korea, and these leaders need to accept the emperor's seal, but the emperor actually does not control their land and people. The leader of Outer Mongolia tribe can be called Khan.

外蒙古不同。蒙古部落由一些蒙古贵族统治。清政府有专门的机构来处理这些问题。他们的地位与朝鲜相似，这些领导人需要接受皇帝的敕封，但皇帝实际上并没有控制他们的土地和人民。外蒙古部落的首领可以称为可汗。

In the Qing Dynasty, Tibetan Buddhism had a high political status. In Tibet, the Dalai Lama and Panchen Lama hold political and religious power. There are also two living Buddhas in Outer Mongolia. There is also a religious leader called Bokdoggen in Outer Mongolia, who is said to be the incarnation of Genghis Khan.

在清朝，藏传佛教有着很高的政治地位。在西藏，达赖喇嘛和班禅额尔德尼掌握着政治和宗教权力，蒙古有两尊活佛，现在外蒙古国也有宗教领袖叫博克多格根，传说他是成吉思汗的化身。
成吉思汗
In 1911, the Chinese Revolution led to the establishment of the Republic of China. According to an agreement between the government of the Republic and the emperor, the Republic of China inherited all the territory of the Qing Empire.

1911年，中国辛亥革命，中华民国成立，根据共和国政府与皇帝的协议，中华民国继承了清帝国的全部领土。

Such a situation seriously violated the interests of Mongolian nobility and living Buddhas, so they chose independence. Bokdoggen VIII was unified politically and religiously as the King of Mongolia, and the territory of this country was basically consistent with that of modern Mongolia. But this country did not receive international recognition and was quickly defeated by China. Then China tried to republicanize Outer Mongolia, but this effort failed because the Chinese army was defeated by Bokdogan VIII and the Russian Empire, and Mongolia became a Monarchy again.

这样的情况危及到了蒙古贵族和活佛的利益，所以他们选择了独立。博克多格根八世在政治和宗教上统一成为蒙古国国王，这个国家的领土与现代蒙古国基本一致。但这个国家没有得到国际承认，他们很快就被中国打败了。然后中国试图使外蒙古共和化，但这一努力失败了，因为中国军队被博克多格根八世和俄罗斯帝国击败，蒙古再次成为君主制国家。

Later, the Russian Empire was soon defeated by the Soviet Union, and the Red Army entered Mongolia. Although Bokdogagen VIII preserved the throne, his power was completely deprived and he passed away soon after three years. The Mongolian People's Republic was established. Although this country has not been recognized internationally, the Communist Party actually controls the state power and has carried out profound reforms. The most obvious is the change of characters. They abandoned the traditional Mongolian characters and used Russian alphabet instead. The left side of the magazine cover below is the alphabet used by Outer Mongolia, and the right side is the traditional text, which is still used in Inner Mongolia.

后来，俄罗斯帝国很快被苏联击败，红军进入了蒙古。博克多格根八世虽然保住了皇位，但他的权力被完全剥夺了，三年后他很快就去世了。蒙古人民共和国成立。虽然这个国家也没有得到国际承认，但共产党实际上控制了国家政权，并进行了深刻的改革，最明显的是文字的改变，他们放弃了蒙古传统文字，改用俄语字母。蒙古的杂志封面的左边是外蒙古使用的字母表，右边是传统文本，而内蒙古仍然使用传统文本。

In addition to the text, Mongolian habits are also deeply influenced by Russians. In fact, communication between Inner Mongolians and Mongolians is not easy. Mongolian language has many dialects. Without adaptation, it is difficult for people to understand each other's meaning. Since Mongolian language is arranged alphabetically, communication becomes more difficult.

除了文字，蒙古人的习惯也深受俄罗斯人的影响。事实上，内蒙古人和蒙古人之间的交流并不容易。蒙古语有很多方言。没有适应，人们很难理解彼此的意义。由于蒙古语按字母顺序排列，交流变得更加困难。

During this period, China fell into a long civil war and was subsequently invaded by Japan. At the end of the World War II, the Government of the Government of the Republic of China and the Soviet Union signed a treaty allowing the referendum on Mongolian Revolution of 1911's independence. The Republic of China recognized Mongolia's independence in 1946, and this result was also approved by the Government of the Government of China, which won the civil war in 1949. In 1953, the Taiwan authorities abolished the Sino Soviet Friendship Treaty and denied Mongolia's independence, but the Mongolian People's Republic is still successfully participating in the United Nations and has been recognized by the international community.

在此期间，中国陷入了一场长期的内战，随后遭到日本的侵略。第二次世界大战结束时，中华民国政府和苏联签署了允许外蒙古独立公投的条约，中华民国于1946年承认蒙古独立，这一结果也得到了1949年赢得内战的中华人民共和国政府的批准。1953年，台湾当局废除了《中苏友好条约》，否定了蒙古独立，但蒙古人民共和国仍在顺利参加联合国，并得到了国际社会的承认。

From the perspective of international law, Outer Mongolia and Taiwan Province are completely different, and China has no reason to claim sovereignty over Mongolia. In addition, since Mongolia's independence, the relationship between Mongolia and China has been very complex. Nationalists are very resistant to China, but they have to rely on China economically.

从国际法的角度来看，外蒙古和台湾省是完全不同的，中国没有理由宣称对蒙古拥有主权。此外，自蒙古独立以来，蒙古与中国的关系一直很复杂。民族主义者非常抗拒中国，但他们不得不在经济上依赖中国。

Starting from reality, it is not a good thing for Mongolia to rejoin China. Although Mongolia has a long border with China, there is no border dispute, and as Mongolia weakens, this region can become the rear line for China to resist pressure from the United States. Especially, Mongolia is completely surrounded by Russia and China. Once the US military enters Mongolia, Russia will become more sensitive.

从实际出发，让蒙古重新加入中国不是一件好事。尽管蒙古与中国有着漫长的边界，但没有边界争端，而且随着蒙古的削弱，这一地区可以成为中国抵御美国压力的后方。特别是，蒙古完全被俄罗斯和中国包围。一旦美国军队进入蒙古，俄罗斯将更加敏感。

In terms of interests, Mongolia lacks a population and is difficult to cultivate large-scale desertification territories. This industry is very simple, but it has almost no value other than ore. The radical agreement with Mongolia will bring significant administrative burden and security risks to the Chinese government. It is most suitable to let the Karkans manage their own mineral resources through commercial means.

在利益方面，蒙古国缺乏人口，很难培育大规模的荒漠化的领土。这个行业很简单，只是除了矿石几乎没有其他价值。与蒙古的激进协议将给中国政府带来非常大的行政负担和安全风险。让喀尔喀人自己管理，矿产资源就可以通过商业来解决，这样最为适宜。


中国网友的回答
Mongolia, also known as Outer Mongolia, is located in the north of China, bordering China. It is the second largest landlocked country in the world. Mongolia is a country rich in natural resources, and animal husbandry is the main source of the national economy. Everyone knows that Mongolia was a part of China in the Qing Dynasty, but in 1921, the Soviet Union sent troops to control it and declared independence, but the northern government did not recognize it. Later, in order to win the support of the Soviet Union, Britain and the United States betrayed China and signed the Yalta Agreement with the Soviet Union, demanding Mongolia's independence. At that time, the Nationalist government was also forced to recognize Mongolia's independence.

蒙古国，又称外蒙古国，位于中国北部，与中国接壤。它是世界上第二大内陆国家。蒙古是一个自然资源丰富的国家，畜牧业是国民经济的主要来源。大家都知道蒙古在清朝的时候还是中国的一部分，但是在1921年的时候，苏联派兵控制了它并宣布独立，但是北方政府并不承认，后来英美为了争取苏联的支持，背叛了中国，和苏联签订了《雅尔塔协定》，要求蒙古独立。当时，国民政府也被迫承认蒙古的独立。

After World War II, Outer Mongolia has been under the control of the Soviet Union. Until the disintegration of the Soviet Union, the Allies were busy dividing up their territory and had no time to take care of Outer Mongolia. Why didn't China take such a good opportunity to restore the rule of Mongolia? The reasons for this situation are very complicated. Various factors have led to China's failure to restore Outer Mongolia.

第二次世界大战后，外蒙古一直处于苏联的控制之下。直到苏联解体，盟国忙于瓜分领土，再也没有时间照顾外蒙古。中国为什么不利用这么好的机会恢复对外蒙古的统治？造成这种情况的原因非常复杂，各种因素导致中国未能恢复外蒙古。

First, the international situation does not allow any country to expand its territory after the World War II. At that time, Mongolia was an independent and sovereign country that received international recognition. We believe that China's recapture of Outer Mongolia is to recover lost land, but other countries will certainly not allow this to happen.

第一，国际形势不允许任何国家在第二次世界大战后扩张领土。当时，蒙古是一个独立的主权国家，得到国际承认。我们认为，中国夺回外蒙古是在收复失地，但其他国家肯定不会允许这种情况发生。

Russia's attitude is also a very important factor. Siberia is an important strategic location for Russia to engage with the Far East region. In order to prevent China from becoming so powerful that it sends troops to occupy Siberia, thereby cutting off Russia's connection with the Far East, Russia will suffer from internal injuries. Therefore, Russia also strongly opposes China's recovery of Mongolia.

俄罗斯的态度也是一个非常重要的因素。西伯利亚是俄罗斯与远东地区接触的重要战略要地。为了阻止中国强大到出兵占领西伯利亚，从而切断俄罗斯与远东的联系，俄罗斯内部将遍体鳞伤。因此，俄罗斯也强烈反对中国收复蒙古。

Due to historical reasons, Mongolia has become an important buffer country between China and Russia. If it weren't for Mongolia, China and Russia would directly border, potentially leading to a war of mutual distrust like Germany and the Soviet Union. Maintaining the status quo is the best choice. Mongolia is playing a good buffering role, making the development of the two countries more friendly.

由于历史原因，蒙古国已成为中俄之间的重要缓冲国。如果没有蒙古，中国和俄罗斯将直接接壤，可能会像德国和苏联一样爆发互不信任的战争。维持现状是最好的选择。蒙古正在发挥良好的缓冲作用，使两国发展得更加友好。

And the attitude of the United States. Since the dissolution of the Soviet Union, the United States has always regarded China as the greatest threat. Therefore, it is expected that the United States will not support China's recovery of Mongolia. Not only that, the United States has also carried out violent attacks on us in other regions.

还有美国的态度。自苏联解体以来，美国一直将中国视为最大的威胁。因此，预计美国不会支持中国收复蒙古。不仅如此，美国还在其他地区对我们进行暴力袭击。

Mongolia has always regarded itself as an independent sovereign state, which is deeply rooted in the hearts of the Mongolian people. For Mongols in China, they have been estranged from the dynasty since ancient times, and have no sense of belonging. This form of governance inevitably faced many difficulties, so they were unwilling to restore Mongolia's territory at that time.

蒙古一直把自己视为一个独立的主权国家，这深深植根于蒙古人民的心中。对于中国蒙古族来说，他们自古以来就与王朝疏远，没有归属感。这种治理形式不可避免地会有许多困难，所以他们当时不愿意恢复蒙古的领土。